Ann Clin Microbiol 2023;26:59-66. Risk factor analysis of urinary tract infection by cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: a simple and effective analysis using the National Health Insurance Data Sharing Service
Table 2. Risk factors of cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary tract infections: A multivariate analysis
Variable cefotaxime-resistant E. coli cefotaxime-resistant K. pneumoniae
OR 95% CI OR 95% CI
Sex Female 1 1
Male 1.335 1.204-1.480 1.460 1.199-1.778
Age (yr) 0-9 1.794 1.468-2.191 0.722 0.448-1.162
10-19 0.873 0.526-1.449 1.966 0.585-6.612
20-29 1.014 0.762-1.349 0.938 0.372-2.364
30-39 1.033 0.804-1.327 0.909 0.402-2.055
40-49 0.997 0.820-1.212 1.518 0.961-2.398
50-59 0.984 0.838-1.155 0.899 0.620-1.304
60-69 1.018 0.881-1.177 0.908 0.651-1.267
70-79 1.086 0.969-1.217 0.983 0.782-1.236
≥ 80 1 1
Underlying disease
  Malignancy No 1 1
Yes 0.979 0.895-1.070 0.913 0.748-1.115
  Diabetes No 1 1
Yes 0.862 0.774-0.960 0.823 0.643-1.054
  Ischemic heart disease No 1 1
Yes 0.906 0.822-0.999 0.966 0.784-1.189
  Cardiovascular disease No 1 1
Yes 0.784 0.711-0.865 0.785 0.637-0.968
  Chronic LRT disease No 1 1
Yes 0.743 0.667-0.828 0.729 0.575-0.925
  Liver disease No 1 1
Yes 0.944 0.855-1.043 1.295 1.037-1.617
  Chronic renal disease No 1 1
Yes 1.227 1.062-1.417 1.127 0.681-1.476
Major surgery No 1
Yes 1.602 0.476-5.395
Hemodialysis No 1 1
Yes 1.685 1.255-2.262 2.046 1.263-3.315
Anticancer treatment No 1 1
Yes 1.322 0.936-1.866 1.286 0.691-2.393
TPN use No 1
Yes 1.274 0.229-7.084
Devices
  L-tube No 1 1
Yes 1.204 1.047-1.385 2.329 1.851-2.915
  CVP catheter No 1 1
Yes 1.332 1.156-1.534 1.261 0.999-1.592
  Foley Catheter No 1 1
Yes 1.473 1.316-1.649 1.793 1.431-2.246
Previous antimicrobial use No 1 1
Yes 1.103 1.009-1.206 0.979 0.793-1.209
Healthcare facility use No 1 1
Yes 1.782 1.576-2.014 1.545 1.161-2.056
CCI 0 1 1
1 0.834 0.712-0.976 0.991 0.660-1.487
2 0.945 0.792-1.126 0.891 0.584-1.359
3 1.063 0.926-1.220 0.925 0.691-1.238

Bold fonts are statistically significant. Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidential interval; LRT, lower respiratory tract; TPN, total parenteral nutrition; CVP, central venous pressure; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index