Ann Clin Microbiol 2025;28(3):17. Principles and clinical applications of interferon-gamma release assays in latent tuberculosis diagnosis
| Author | Study period | Region | Sample size | Target disease | Indeterminate rate | Risk factor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ogawa et al. [44] | 2016–2017 | Japan | 118 | Hemodialysis | 5.9% | Long-term hemodialysis, older age (≥ 60 years) |
| Edathodu et al. [45] | 2008–2013 | Saudi Arabia | 278 | ESRD, pre- and post-transplant | 2.9% | Use of immunosuppressants, ESRD |
| Kim et al. [46] | 2010–2013 | South Korea | 784 | Kidney and pancreas transplant | 9.7% | Use of immunosuppressants |
| Stevens et al. [47] | 2011–2017 | USA (Georgia) | 859 | Pediatric IBD | Diagnosis: 10.3%, Treatment: 5.3% | High disease activity, malnutrition |
| Kurti et al. [48] | 2013–2014 | Hungary | 166 | IBD (Only stable patients included) | 0.6% | Smoking, use of immunosuppressants |
| Hakimian et al. [49] | 2008–2016 | USA (Massachusetts) | IBD: 107, RA: 89 | IBD, RA | IBD: 22%, RA: 7% | High-dose steroids (≥ 20 mg), elevated ESR/CRP |
| Weinberg et al. [50] | 2020 | Multinational (Africa, Asia, Caribbean) | 944 | Pregnant women with HIV | Pregnancy: 13%, Postpartum: 1% | Low CD4+ T-cell count (≤ 350 cells/µL), pregnancy-induced immunosuppression |
| LaCourse et al. [51] | 2014–2015 | Kenya | 100 | Pregnant women with HIV | Pregnancy: 16%, Postpartum: 0% | Pregnancy-related immune changes, low CD4+ T-cell count |
Abbreviations: ESRD, end-stage renal disease; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.