Ann Clin Microbiol 2024;27(4):245-255. Current nonculture-based diagnosis of candidemia
| Method | Target or principle of assay | Advantage | Shortcoming |
|---|---|---|---|
| Antigen detection-based immunological assay | Candida (1,3)-β-D-glucan | Rapid, high sensitivity, high negative predictive value | Low specificity, high false-positive |
| Candida mannan | Rapid, earlier diagnosis of candidemia | Low sensitivity | |
| Antibody-based immunological assay | Anti-mannan Ab; C. albicans germ tube antibody | Rapid, enhancing performance in combination with antigen testing | Low sensitivity, low specificity |
| Nucleic acid amplification-based molecular assay | Conventional PCR; nested PCR; multiplex PCR; real-time PCR; T2 magnetic resonance | Highly sensitivity, high specificity | Expensive, multiple step, potential false-negative out of specific targets within the panel |