Ann Clin Microbiol 2024;27(3):185-196. Seasonality and epidemiological trends in species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species isolated from various clinical specimens conducted during 2011–2022, Korea: a retrospective surveillance study
| Species | No. of isolates | Antifungal agent | MIC (µg/mL) Range | % of MICs by category | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S | I/SDD | R | ||||
| C. albicans | 4226 | Amphotericin B | ≤0.25-8 | 99.8 | 0.0 | 0.2 |
| Caspofungin | ≤0.125-0.5 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Flucytosine | ≤1-≥64 | 94.7 | 0.1 | 5.2 | ||
| Fluconazole | ≤0.25-≥64 | 98.6 | 1.4 | 0.2 | ||
| Micafungin | ≤0.06-0.25 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Voriconazole | ≤0.125-≥8 | 99.1 | 0.1 | 0.8 | ||
| C. tropicalis | 2083 | Amphotericin B | ≤0.25-1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Caspofungin | ≤0.125-≥8 | 99.6 | 0.0 | 0.4 | ||
| Flucytosine | ≤1-≥64 | 99.9 | 0.0 | 0.1 | ||
| Fluconazole | ≤0.5-≥64 | 98.8 | 0.5 | 0.8 | ||
| Micafungin | ≤0.06-2 | 99.6 | 0.1 | 0.4 | ||
| Voriconazole | ≤0.125-4 | 99.3 | 0.0 | 0.6 | ||
| C. glabrata | 1445 | Amphotericin B | ≤0.25-2 | 99.9 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Caspofungin | ≤0.125-4 | 42.3 | 43.2 | 14.6 | ||
| Flucytosine | ≤1-≥64 | 99.6 | 0.0 | 0.4 | ||
| Fluconazole | ≤0.5-≥64 | 15.8 | 83.7 | 0.6 | ||
| Micafungin | ≤0.06-0.5 | 99.8 | 0.0 | 0.2 | ||
| Voriconazole | ≤0.125-≥8 | – | – | – | ||
| C. parapsilosis | 554 | Amphotericin B | ≤0.25-2 | 99.3 | 0.7 | 0.0 |
| Caspofungin | 0.125-2 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Flucytosine | ≤1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Fluconazole | ≤0.5-≥64 | 97.8 | 1.1 | 1.3 | ||
| Micafungin | ≤0.06-2 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Voriconazole | ≤0.125-≥8 | 99.1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | ||
| C. utilis | 92 | Amphotericin B | ≤0.25-≥16 | 98.9 | 0.0 | 1.1 |
| Caspofungin | ≤0.125-0.25 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Flucytosine | ≤1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Fluconazole | ≤0.5-32 | 98.9 | 1.1 | 0.0 | ||
| Micafungin | ≤0.06-0.125 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Voriconazole | ≤0.125-0.5 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| C. famata | 73 | Amphotericin B | ≤0.25-1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Caspofungin | ≤0.25-1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Flucytosine | ≤1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Fluconazole | ≤1-32 | 98.6 | 1.4 | 0.0 | ||
| Micafungin | ≤0.06-0.125 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Voriconazole | ≤0.125-0.25 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| C. kruseia | 73 | Amphotericin B | ≤0.25-2 | 90.8 | 9.2 | 0.0 |
| Caspofungin | ≤0.125-0.5 | 84.7 | 15.3 | 0.0 | ||
| Flucytosine | 2-16 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 91.8 | ||
| Fluconazole | 2-≥64 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Micafungin | ≤0.06-0.25 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Voriconazole | ≤0.125-0.25 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| C. lusitaniae | 64 | Amphotericin B | ≤0.25-1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Caspofungin | ≤0.25-0.5 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Flucytosine | ≤1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Fluconazole | ≤0.5-8 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Micafungin | ≤0.06-0.5 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Voriconazole | ≤0.125 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Othersb | 150 | Amphotericin B | ≤0.25-≥16 | 91.6 | 1.4 | 7.0 |
| Caspofungin | ≤0.125-≥8 | 91.0 | 5.4 | 3.6 | ||
| Flucytosine | ≤1-≥64 | 96.2 | 3.0 | 0.8 | ||
| Fluconazole | ≤0.5-≥64 | 74.6 | 6.6 | 19.4 | ||
| Micafungin | ≤0.06-≥8 | 97.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Voriconazole | ≤0.125-4 | 91.8 | 7.4 | 0.8 | ||
Abbreviations: MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration; S, susceptible; SDD, susceptible dose-dependent; I, intermediate; R, resistant.
aC. krusei was resistant to fluconazole, irrespective of its MIC.
bOthers include C. haemulonii, C. orthopsiolosis, C. guilliermondii, C. kefyr, C. auris, C. ciferrii, C. norvegensis, C. lipolytica, and C. inconspicua.