Peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) remains a major problem. Peritonitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans is an unusual complication. A 68-year-old woman on prednisolone for Behcets disease and adrenal insufficiency was admitted with chronic renal failure and CAPD was initiated. During her stay in hospital, she was treated with multiple antibiotics for urinary tract infection and CAPD peritonitis with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). She was deteriorated insidiously and C. neoformans was cultured in the dialysate but not in the blood, urine and stool. After three days, she died. We reviewed 385 organisms isolated from 1,325 peritoneal dialysate specimens between 1990 and 2002. Staphylococcus aureus was most frequently isolated (22.6%). Fungus comprises 10.1% of the isolated organisms. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2002;5:143-146)