Vibrio cholerae is an autochthonous inhabitant of estuarine and seawater environment and is a facultative pathogen for humans. V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains are associated with gastroenteritis, septicemia and/or extraintestinal infections. But the reported cases of gastroenteritis by non-O1/non-O139 serotype, are rare in Korea. The authors isolated V. cholerae non-O1/nonO139 strain from a stool of a 67 year-old-woman who had suffered from diabetes, hypertension and Alzheimer disease and analyzed presence of toxin genes by multiplex PCR method. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2002;5:139-142)