Table 4. GDH and toxin A/B EIA positivity rates for C. difficile PCR ribotype
Ann Clin Microbiol 2025;28(3):14. Application of diagnostic algorithms for Clostridioides difficile infection using a GDH/ toxin test for five years from a single center in Korea: a diagnostic accuracy study Download table Ribotypes No. GDH positive (%) Toxin positive (%) R014/020 78 77.9 30.8 R002 50 80.0 38.0 R018 37 86.5 59.5 R106 33 90.9 […]
Table 3. Comparison between GDH/toxin EIA test and C. difficile toxin B PCR (N = 6,119)
Ann Clin Microbiol 2025;28(3):14. Application of diagnostic algorithms for Clostridioides difficile infection using a GDH/ toxin test for five years from a single center in Korea: a diagnostic accuracy study Download table C. difficile toxin B PCR + − GDH + toxin A/B + 743 263 − 157 4,956 Sensitivity: 82.6%; Specificity: 95.0%; PPV: […]
Table 2. Comparison between toxin EIA test and C. difficile toxin B PCR (N = 6,119)
Ann Clin Microbiol 2025;28(3):14. Application of diagnostic algorithms for Clostridioides difficile infection using a GDH/ toxin test for five years from a single center in Korea: a diagnostic accuracy study Download table C. difficile toxin B PCR + − Toxin A/B + 315 10 − 585 5,209 Sensitivity: 35.0%; Specificity: 99.8%; PPV: 96.9%; NPV: […]
Table 1. Comparison between GDH test and C. difficile culture (N = 6,641)
Ann Clin Microbiol 2025;28(3):14. Application of diagnostic algorithms for Clostridioides difficile infection using a GDH/ toxin test for five years from a single center in Korea: a diagnostic accuracy study Download table C. difficile culture Growth No growth GDH + 933 71 − 279 5,358 Sensitivity: 77.0%; Specificity: 98.7%; PPV: 92.9%; NPV: 95.1% Abbreviations: […]
Fig. 1. Schematic representation of the tuberculosis infection continuum in relation to infectivity and immunologic test results. Abbreviations: TB, tuberculosis; TST/IGRA, tuberculin skin test/interferon-gamma release assays
Ann Clin Microbiol 2025;28(3):17. Principles and clinical applications of interferon-gamma release assays in latent tuberculosis diagnosis Download image
Table 1. Indeterminate results from QuantiFERON-TB Gold Assays in different populations
Ann Clin Microbiol 2025;28(3):17. Principles and clinical applications of interferon-gamma release assays in latent tuberculosis diagnosis Download table Author Study period Region Sample size Target disease Indeterminate rate Risk factor Ogawa et al. [44] 2016–2017 Japan 118 Hemodialysis 5.9% Long-term hemodialysis, older age (≥ 60 years) Edathodu et al. [45] 2008–2013 Saudi Arabia 278 ESRD, […]
Table 2. Overview of molecular genotyping techniques for mycobacteria
Ann Clin Microbiol 2025;28(3):18. Challenges and advances in mycobacterial molecular typing Download table Technique Principle Advantages Limitations MTB applications NTM applications Ref Spoligotyping PCR detection of presence/absence of unique spacer sequences in the direct repeat locus Rapid, low DNA input (10 fg), standardized, suitable for degraded samples Low discriminatory power, not suitable for outbreak confirmation […]
Table 1. Divergent clinical and epidemiological drivers of genotyping for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria infections
Ann Clin Microbiol 2025;28(3):18. Challenges and advances in mycobacterial molecular typing Download table Mycobacterium tuberculosis Nontuberculous mycobacteria Infection source Human-to-human transmission via aerosols Environmental reservoirs: water, soil, biofilm, medical equipment Transmission dynamics High person-to-person spread, clustered outbreaks Rare human-to-human transmission, pseudo-outbreaks often due to laboratory/medical contamination Genotyping purpose Transmission tracking, antimicrobial resistance, outbreak investigationExamples: […]
Application of diagnostic algorithms for Clostridioides difficile infection using a GDH/ toxin test for five years from a single center in Korea: a diagnostic accuracy study
Original article Heejung Kim Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, Korea Correspondence to Heejung Kim, E-mail: hjkim12@yuhs.ac Ann Clin Microbiol 2025;28(3):14. https://doi.org/10.5145/ACM.2025.28.3.3Received on 15 May 2025, Revised on 5 August 2025, Accepted on 5 August 2025, Published on 20 September 2025.Copyright © Korean Society of Clinical Microbiology.This is an Open Access […]
Principles and clinical applications of interferon-gamma release assays in latent tuberculosis diagnosis
Review article Ha-eun Cho1, Young Jin Kim2 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Correspondence to Young Jin Kim, E-mail: khmclab@gmail.com Ann Clin Microbiol 2025;28(3):17. https://doi.org/10.5145/ACM.2025.28.3.6Received on 7 July 2025, Revised on 4 September 2025, Accepted on […]